http://www.eltcafe.net/ Fri, 03 Sep 2010 23:05:58 +0300 MyBB http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=6099 Fri, 03 Sep 2010 11:32:37 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=6099 Kayıt Ol! -
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When You Don't Have the Time to Start from Scratch
Writing powerful, effective letters often requires more time than you have! 1001 Essential Letters takes the frustration out of writing well. Over 1000 letters to fit every purpose are at your finger tips.

There are four step in using 1001 Essential Letters. You select a letter, fill in the blanks, send the letter to your word processor, and add your own letters. It is that simple. Every letter template has some information about the business situation it addresses, or about the letter that you are about to write. The program prompts you for information to customize the letter. It allows you to search by keyword to find the perfect letter. You will be customizing letters in a flash!

Categories:
Employment & Education:
Cover Letters
After the Interview
Scholarships
Press Releases:
Business
Community News
Family
Legal:
Contracts
Small Claims
Divorce
Business
Vendors and Suppliers
Personnel Relations
Recommendations
Customer Service
Collections
Sales:
Prospecting and Lead Generation
Appointment Setting and Follow-Up
Direct Mail
Personal:
Congratulations
Apologies
Between Neighbors
Forms:
Expense
Budget
Bid
Approval
Consumer:
Complaints and Praise
Consumer Activism
Cease and Desist
Finance:
Banking
Rentals
Credit
Government:
IRS
To Your Congressman
Campaigning
E-Mail:
Answering Spams
Flames
Business
Wacky:
Letters to the Editor
Top Ten Lists
Strange Love


Author: Simon & Schuster
Published by: Simon & Schuster
File size: 1.2 Mb
File type: soft

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When You Don't Have the Time to Start from Scratch
Writing powerful, effective letters often requires more time than you have! 1001 Essential Letters takes the frustration out of writing well. Over 1000 letters to fit every purpose are at your finger tips.

There are four step in using 1001 Essential Letters. You select a letter, fill in the blanks, send the letter to your word processor, and add your own letters. It is that simple. Every letter template has some information about the business situation it addresses, or about the letter that you are about to write. The program prompts you for information to customize the letter. It allows you to search by keyword to find the perfect letter. You will be customizing letters in a flash!

Categories:
Employment & Education:
Cover Letters
After the Interview
Scholarships
Press Releases:
Business
Community News
Family
Legal:
Contracts
Small Claims
Divorce
Business
Vendors and Suppliers
Personnel Relations
Recommendations
Customer Service
Collections
Sales:
Prospecting and Lead Generation
Appointment Setting and Follow-Up
Direct Mail
Personal:
Congratulations
Apologies
Between Neighbors
Forms:
Expense
Budget
Bid
Approval
Consumer:
Complaints and Praise
Consumer Activism
Cease and Desist
Finance:
Banking
Rentals
Credit
Government:
IRS
To Your Congressman
Campaigning
E-Mail:
Answering Spams
Flames
Business
Wacky:
Letters to the Editor
Top Ten Lists
Strange Love


Author: Simon & Schuster
Published by: Simon & Schuster
File size: 1.2 Mb
File type: soft

-Alıntıdır-]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=6098 Fri, 03 Sep 2010 11:31:53 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=6098 Kayıt Ol! -
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This book can be a supplement to Advanced Masterclass for those students who require further help in Papers 2 and 3 of the CAE exam or a general writing course at advanced level.

The course offers a comprehensive study of writing techniques and full training for the CAE exam. There is an innovative combination of English in Use and Writing work: grammar is studied as a route to better writing, enabling students to greatly improve their writing style. Authentic, humorous material helps to make the course enjoyable and interesting.

Students are offered a meaningful programme of writing development.

This is organized into three parts:

- writing sub-skills (cohesive devices, punctuation, and register);
- types of writing (descriptions, narratives, opinions);
- and exam type tasks (letters, reports, articles and leaflets).

A Task Bank includes practice activities, model compositions, and detailed information about the format and marking criteria of both papers.
A full answer key is provided.
Since I have that book with some English in Use activities already filled in I tried to erase them in Photoshop. It was hell of a job but it worked.

Author: Hugh Cory
Published by: Oxford
File size: 66.6 MB
Pages: 160
File type: pdf]]> Kayıt Ol! -
Giriş Yap...

This book can be a supplement to Advanced Masterclass for those students who require further help in Papers 2 and 3 of the CAE exam or a general writing course at advanced level.

The course offers a comprehensive study of writing techniques and full training for the CAE exam. There is an innovative combination of English in Use and Writing work: grammar is studied as a route to better writing, enabling students to greatly improve their writing style. Authentic, humorous material helps to make the course enjoyable and interesting.

Students are offered a meaningful programme of writing development.

This is organized into three parts:

- writing sub-skills (cohesive devices, punctuation, and register);
- types of writing (descriptions, narratives, opinions);
- and exam type tasks (letters, reports, articles and leaflets).

A Task Bank includes practice activities, model compositions, and detailed information about the format and marking criteria of both papers.
A full answer key is provided.
Since I have that book with some English in Use activities already filled in I tried to erase them in Photoshop. It was hell of a job but it worked.

Author: Hugh Cory
Published by: Oxford
File size: 66.6 MB
Pages: 160
File type: pdf]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=6097 Fri, 03 Sep 2010 11:31:12 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=6097 Kayıt Ol! -
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the secret code :www.bilgilizce.com

p.s : it's a quoted passage

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the secret code :www.bilgilizce.com

p.s : it's a quoted passage

-Alıntıdır-]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5847 Sun, 08 Aug 2010 14:36:57 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5847
The Union Comp
İst. Turkey April 13, 1995
Gentlemen:
Please send the following as quickly as you can, and charge to our account:
60 boxes of A4 papers
100 boxes of metal clips
Yours very truly,

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Gentlemen:
Please send samples and quotations on one million pencil sharpeners.
At the same time let us know if you can supply 100 Ace staplers, model 112, giving
us a quotation on this also.
We would like to have the information by the end of this week if possible.
Yours truly
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Dear Mr. Brown,
Many thanks for your order which has been forwarded to our plant for immedi¬ate manufacture.
take pleasure in assuring you that I will personally follow through on your order and see that each piece is made exactly according to specifications.
You can count on delivery on or before April, as promised.
Sincerely yours
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Mrs. Brown,
In checking our accounts, we find there is a balance of 42.50 dollars due us for purchases made in September. As you have do doubt overlooked this bill, we are bringing it to your attention.
Will you please send your check at once so we can clear this indebtedness form our books and bring your account up to date.
Yours very truly
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTERS OF APPLICATION / İŞ İÇİN BAŞVURU MEKTUPLARI
Dear sir,
According to this morning's Guardian, you are looking for an efficient, experi¬enced secretary.
During the past 10 years I have served in that capacity to three prominent executives, all three of whom will vouch for my efficiency and dependability. They are....
I am 30 years of age, a high school graduate, unmarried, living at home with my family. My former associates will tell you that I am neat, accurate and painstaking in my work; that I am tactful and courteous; resourceful, loyal to the job, and of plea¬sing personality.
I am well-trained and experienced in all the many duties and responsibilities of a good secretary; and I should like the opportunity of coming in and talking with you personally.
My telephone number is 223445. I can start at once if you like.
Sincerely yours
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Sir,
I have just graduated form Hacettepe University, department of Linguistics. I would like to do post-graduate studies in your faculty. Will you kindly send the requi¬red information and documents for the application for a master's degree?
I'd appreciate if I can receive them as soon as possible.
Sincerely yours
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTERS OF CONGRATULATIONS / KUTLAMA MEKTUPLARI

Dear Mrs. Bradbury:
We hear that John has graduated form Harvard and that he made a very fine record for himself there. You must be proud of his splendid accomplishment, and we are very happy for you.
Please give John our congratulations and our best wishes for success and happiness in his chosen work.
Sincerely yours

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Dear Dr. Arnold:
My warm congratulations to you on your election as president of the state me¬dical association. It is a reward you highly deserve for your many years of splendid service to the profession and to the people of the state.
I can't think of any man who would have been a better choice. My very best wishes to you.
Sincerely yours
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

THANK YOU LETTERS / TEŞEKKÜR MEKTUPLARI

Dear Mrs Martin,
I just can't tell you how flattered I am that you should have remem¬bered my birthday. It was a real pleasure to receive your charming note this morning Thank you so much for your good wishes.
Sincerely yours
Alice
………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Miss Walter
Thank you very much for the lovely flowers! We liked it so much. David is very delighted and sends his thanks too.
With best wishes from both of us.
Cordially yours
Helen
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Mrs. Webb:
Thank you so much for your kind invitation to dinner on Saturday, March 20th. Both my husband and I will be delighted to come. It will also be a pleasure to meet the new director for this division.
Yours sincerely
Mary Street
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTERS OF CONDOLENCE / BAŞSAĞLIĞI MEKTUPLARI

Dear Mary:
I know words aren't much comfort at a time like this. But I'd like you to know we are thinking of you; and that my family and I send our heartfelt sympathy.
Sincerely
John
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Alice
We were saddened to hear of your father's death this morning. We can well appreciate your great sense of loss. Please accept our deepest sympathy
Sincerely yours
Alison
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTER OF RECOMMENDATION / REFERENCE /
REFERANS MEKTUBU
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
I have known Mr. Can Barış for over five years as his instructor in several co¬urses. Can is indeed a very conscientious and serious-minded person and has remar¬kable attributes as a student. He always comes to class well prepared and participa¬tes in class discussions. He has a good grounding in linguistic studies and enthusiastic about doing further work. He has a fairly good command of English and seriously interested in improving it.
He is sociable person and I do believe he will be one of the most promising candidates for post- graduate studies.
Yours sincerely
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Sir:
Mr. James Brown has given us your name as reference. He tells us he was credit manager of your store for three years and that he left on his own accord to make another connection.
We shall appreciate any information you can give us about his personality, re¬liability, judgement.... and especially his ability to work with others.
We will of course keep your reply strictly confidential. / Very truly yours

Kaynak:A Guidebook for English Translation]]>
The Union Comp
İst. Turkey April 13, 1995
Gentlemen:
Please send the following as quickly as you can, and charge to our account:
60 boxes of A4 papers
100 boxes of metal clips
Yours very truly,

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Gentlemen:
Please send samples and quotations on one million pencil sharpeners.
At the same time let us know if you can supply 100 Ace staplers, model 112, giving
us a quotation on this also.
We would like to have the information by the end of this week if possible.
Yours truly
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Dear Mr. Brown,
Many thanks for your order which has been forwarded to our plant for immedi¬ate manufacture.
take pleasure in assuring you that I will personally follow through on your order and see that each piece is made exactly according to specifications.
You can count on delivery on or before April, as promised.
Sincerely yours
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Mrs. Brown,
In checking our accounts, we find there is a balance of 42.50 dollars due us for purchases made in September. As you have do doubt overlooked this bill, we are bringing it to your attention.
Will you please send your check at once so we can clear this indebtedness form our books and bring your account up to date.
Yours very truly
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTERS OF APPLICATION / İŞ İÇİN BAŞVURU MEKTUPLARI
Dear sir,
According to this morning's Guardian, you are looking for an efficient, experi¬enced secretary.
During the past 10 years I have served in that capacity to three prominent executives, all three of whom will vouch for my efficiency and dependability. They are....
I am 30 years of age, a high school graduate, unmarried, living at home with my family. My former associates will tell you that I am neat, accurate and painstaking in my work; that I am tactful and courteous; resourceful, loyal to the job, and of plea¬sing personality.
I am well-trained and experienced in all the many duties and responsibilities of a good secretary; and I should like the opportunity of coming in and talking with you personally.
My telephone number is 223445. I can start at once if you like.
Sincerely yours
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Sir,
I have just graduated form Hacettepe University, department of Linguistics. I would like to do post-graduate studies in your faculty. Will you kindly send the requi¬red information and documents for the application for a master's degree?
I'd appreciate if I can receive them as soon as possible.
Sincerely yours
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTERS OF CONGRATULATIONS / KUTLAMA MEKTUPLARI

Dear Mrs. Bradbury:
We hear that John has graduated form Harvard and that he made a very fine record for himself there. You must be proud of his splendid accomplishment, and we are very happy for you.
Please give John our congratulations and our best wishes for success and happiness in his chosen work.
Sincerely yours

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Dear Dr. Arnold:
My warm congratulations to you on your election as president of the state me¬dical association. It is a reward you highly deserve for your many years of splendid service to the profession and to the people of the state.
I can't think of any man who would have been a better choice. My very best wishes to you.
Sincerely yours
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

THANK YOU LETTERS / TEŞEKKÜR MEKTUPLARI

Dear Mrs Martin,
I just can't tell you how flattered I am that you should have remem¬bered my birthday. It was a real pleasure to receive your charming note this morning Thank you so much for your good wishes.
Sincerely yours
Alice
………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Miss Walter
Thank you very much for the lovely flowers! We liked it so much. David is very delighted and sends his thanks too.
With best wishes from both of us.
Cordially yours
Helen
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Mrs. Webb:
Thank you so much for your kind invitation to dinner on Saturday, March 20th. Both my husband and I will be delighted to come. It will also be a pleasure to meet the new director for this division.
Yours sincerely
Mary Street
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTERS OF CONDOLENCE / BAŞSAĞLIĞI MEKTUPLARI

Dear Mary:
I know words aren't much comfort at a time like this. But I'd like you to know we are thinking of you; and that my family and I send our heartfelt sympathy.
Sincerely
John
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Alice
We were saddened to hear of your father's death this morning. We can well appreciate your great sense of loss. Please accept our deepest sympathy
Sincerely yours
Alison
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

LETTER OF RECOMMENDATION / REFERENCE /
REFERANS MEKTUBU
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
I have known Mr. Can Barış for over five years as his instructor in several co¬urses. Can is indeed a very conscientious and serious-minded person and has remar¬kable attributes as a student. He always comes to class well prepared and participa¬tes in class discussions. He has a good grounding in linguistic studies and enthusiastic about doing further work. He has a fairly good command of English and seriously interested in improving it.
He is sociable person and I do believe he will be one of the most promising candidates for post- graduate studies.
Yours sincerely
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Dear Sir:
Mr. James Brown has given us your name as reference. He tells us he was credit manager of your store for three years and that he left on his own accord to make another connection.
We shall appreciate any information you can give us about his personality, re¬liability, judgement.... and especially his ability to work with others.
We will of course keep your reply strictly confidential. / Very truly yours

Kaynak:A Guidebook for English Translation]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5846 Sun, 08 Aug 2010 14:33:18 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5846
A number of grammar expressions have common forms which differ in their formal or informal use. These differences are noted both in written and spoken English. However, they are most notable in written English.

Contracted Forms

Formal - Don't use contracted forms, use the entire auxiliary verb:

They have lived in New York for many years.

Informal - Use contracted forms.

They've lived in New York for many years.

Relative Structures

Formal - Use relative structures.

The woman thought that it was important to be on time.

Informal - Drop certain relative structures.

The woman thought it was important to be on time.

The Use of 'Whom'

Formal - Use 'whom' as an object.

Whom have they chosen for the position?

Informal - Use 'who' as an object.

Who have they chosen for the position?

Auxiliary Verb Usage

Formal - Always use the full form of an auxiliary.

Have you finished your work?

Informal - Sometimes the auxiliary verb is dropped in informal speech.

Note: This is often grammatically incorrect, but is certainly common in everyday usage.

Finished your work?

Word Choice

Formal - Many words tend to be used in more formal situations. For example, certain verbs tend to be used in formal situations, but have other synonyms (often phrasal verbs) that are used in informal situations.

The police investigated the situation.

Informal synonym: We looked into the situation.

When to use formal English

Formal English tends to be used in professional and business situations. Informal English is generally used with friends and family.

Quotation]]>
A number of grammar expressions have common forms which differ in their formal or informal use. These differences are noted both in written and spoken English. However, they are most notable in written English.

Contracted Forms

Formal - Don't use contracted forms, use the entire auxiliary verb:

They have lived in New York for many years.

Informal - Use contracted forms.

They've lived in New York for many years.

Relative Structures

Formal - Use relative structures.

The woman thought that it was important to be on time.

Informal - Drop certain relative structures.

The woman thought it was important to be on time.

The Use of 'Whom'

Formal - Use 'whom' as an object.

Whom have they chosen for the position?

Informal - Use 'who' as an object.

Who have they chosen for the position?

Auxiliary Verb Usage

Formal - Always use the full form of an auxiliary.

Have you finished your work?

Informal - Sometimes the auxiliary verb is dropped in informal speech.

Note: This is often grammatically incorrect, but is certainly common in everyday usage.

Finished your work?

Word Choice

Formal - Many words tend to be used in more formal situations. For example, certain verbs tend to be used in formal situations, but have other synonyms (often phrasal verbs) that are used in informal situations.

The police investigated the situation.

Informal synonym: We looked into the situation.

When to use formal English

Formal English tends to be used in professional and business situations. Informal English is generally used with friends and family.

Quotation]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5838 Sat, 07 Aug 2010 23:28:26 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5838
1. Powerful writing is readable.

I borrowed the notion of readability from the world of typesetting, where it refers to the effort required to make sense of the letters and words on a page. A paragraph set in Times New Roman is very readable; the same paragraph in Edwardian Script is nearly unreadable. In terms of what makes for good writing, readability is about the basic ability of a reader to make sense of what is written. A work that’s readable is grammatically sound (not necessarily grammatically correct – what’s important is that grammar not get in the way of the meaning) and stylistically clear, requiring only as much work to understand as is necessary.

2. Powerful writing is focused.

Good writing has a point, a goal that it is intended to achieve. That goal might be to sell something, to convince someone of something, or to explain how to do something, but whatever the point, it informs every line. Anything that doesn’t lead the reader towards that goal is stripped away.

3. Powerful writing develops gracefully.

Powerful writing is not just focused on a goal, it leads the reader inescapably towards that goal. That may be through the use of evidence in support of an argument, through the relaying of a narrative describing events occurring over time, or in some other way, but it must be graceful – without gaps of reasoning, unsupported assumptions, missing information, or anything else that would cause a reader to stumble.

4. Powerful writing flows.

Good writing is all of a piece – the various elements that make it up fit together neatly and draw the reader along. Think of how bad joke-tellers tell jokes: “So the priest says – Oh, I forgot to tell you that the horse is gay. Ok, so the priest says…” That’s the opposite of flow. Flow means that everything in a piece of writing is exactly where it belongs, that whatever you need to understand paragraph 4 is present in paragraph 1, 2, or 3, that each part transitions nicely into the next, and that the style and tone remain constant throughout. Think of the way the Gettysburg Address moves effortlessly from the founding of the United States to the Civil War battlefield on which Lincoln stood.

5. Powerful writing is concrete.

Our society tends to value abstract thinking and generalizations over concrete particularities, but this tends to lead to particularly limp and empty writing. The best writing, even when the subject is an abstraction, grounds its topic in the real world through examples, metaphors and analogies, and storytelling. This is an intensification of the old “show, don’t tell” rule – powerful writing doesn’t just show, it shows in real-world ways that are easily apporachable.

6. Powerful writing is well-suited for its audience.

A good writer knows his or her audience intimately: the language they understand, the beliefs they share, the knowledge they hold. He or she knows what assumptions can be made about the reader, and what assumptions can’t be made. Good writing isn’t boring because the writer knows what will hold his or her audience’s interest. It is neither too dense nor too simple for the intended reader – it’s just right.

7. Powerful writing is compelling.

The best writing demands attention, whether through the force of its argument, the strength of its language, or the importance of its topic. The reader doesn’t want to stop reading – even when they’re done.

8. Powerful writing is passionate.

Good writing is about something important. Not necessarily something important in the grand scheme of things, but something either the audience already cares about or something the author makes them care about. And you can’t make an audience care unless you care, deeply, about whatever you’re writing about. It’s always clear when a writer doesn’t care – it’s what distinguishes the hacks from the greatest writers – and it’s easy enough not to care when the writer so clearly doesn’t.

Dustin Wax
-Quotation-]]>
1. Powerful writing is readable.

I borrowed the notion of readability from the world of typesetting, where it refers to the effort required to make sense of the letters and words on a page. A paragraph set in Times New Roman is very readable; the same paragraph in Edwardian Script is nearly unreadable. In terms of what makes for good writing, readability is about the basic ability of a reader to make sense of what is written. A work that’s readable is grammatically sound (not necessarily grammatically correct – what’s important is that grammar not get in the way of the meaning) and stylistically clear, requiring only as much work to understand as is necessary.

2. Powerful writing is focused.

Good writing has a point, a goal that it is intended to achieve. That goal might be to sell something, to convince someone of something, or to explain how to do something, but whatever the point, it informs every line. Anything that doesn’t lead the reader towards that goal is stripped away.

3. Powerful writing develops gracefully.

Powerful writing is not just focused on a goal, it leads the reader inescapably towards that goal. That may be through the use of evidence in support of an argument, through the relaying of a narrative describing events occurring over time, or in some other way, but it must be graceful – without gaps of reasoning, unsupported assumptions, missing information, or anything else that would cause a reader to stumble.

4. Powerful writing flows.

Good writing is all of a piece – the various elements that make it up fit together neatly and draw the reader along. Think of how bad joke-tellers tell jokes: “So the priest says – Oh, I forgot to tell you that the horse is gay. Ok, so the priest says…” That’s the opposite of flow. Flow means that everything in a piece of writing is exactly where it belongs, that whatever you need to understand paragraph 4 is present in paragraph 1, 2, or 3, that each part transitions nicely into the next, and that the style and tone remain constant throughout. Think of the way the Gettysburg Address moves effortlessly from the founding of the United States to the Civil War battlefield on which Lincoln stood.

5. Powerful writing is concrete.

Our society tends to value abstract thinking and generalizations over concrete particularities, but this tends to lead to particularly limp and empty writing. The best writing, even when the subject is an abstraction, grounds its topic in the real world through examples, metaphors and analogies, and storytelling. This is an intensification of the old “show, don’t tell” rule – powerful writing doesn’t just show, it shows in real-world ways that are easily apporachable.

6. Powerful writing is well-suited for its audience.

A good writer knows his or her audience intimately: the language they understand, the beliefs they share, the knowledge they hold. He or she knows what assumptions can be made about the reader, and what assumptions can’t be made. Good writing isn’t boring because the writer knows what will hold his or her audience’s interest. It is neither too dense nor too simple for the intended reader – it’s just right.

7. Powerful writing is compelling.

The best writing demands attention, whether through the force of its argument, the strength of its language, or the importance of its topic. The reader doesn’t want to stop reading – even when they’re done.

8. Powerful writing is passionate.

Good writing is about something important. Not necessarily something important in the grand scheme of things, but something either the audience already cares about or something the author makes them care about. And you can’t make an audience care unless you care, deeply, about whatever you’re writing about. It’s always clear when a writer doesn’t care – it’s what distinguishes the hacks from the greatest writers – and it’s easy enough not to care when the writer so clearly doesn’t.

Dustin Wax
-Quotation-]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5663 Fri, 25 Jun 2010 21:38:44 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5663

Type the form or write your answers in CAPITAL LETTERS.
Don't translate foreign addresses.
Answer all questions.
If you don't need to write an answer,write n/a (not applicable).
Be careful with your spelling.
Always sign and date the form.
Give truthful information.


For example ;
]]>

Type the form or write your answers in CAPITAL LETTERS.
Don't translate foreign addresses.
Answer all questions.
If you don't need to write an answer,write n/a (not applicable).
Be careful with your spelling.
Always sign and date the form.
Give truthful information.


For example ;
]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5658 Mon, 21 Jun 2010 18:52:27 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5658

Use the Past Continuous to describe what was happening at the beginning of the story.
Remember to use paragraphs for each new part of the story.
Use linking words(then,after that,finally)for the next parts of the story.
Use some adjectives to make your writing more interesting.


For Example;
[attachment=1071]]]>

Use the Past Continuous to describe what was happening at the beginning of the story.
Remember to use paragraphs for each new part of the story.
Use linking words(then,after that,finally)for the next parts of the story.
Use some adjectives to make your writing more interesting.


For Example;
[attachment=1071]]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5656 Sun, 20 Jun 2010 17:49:46 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5656

In the subject box,give a clear reason for writing your email.
You don't need a greeting if you don't know the person's name.
If you know person's name,you can write Dear+name.
Smileys( :) ),exclamation marks(!),jokes and unimportant information aren't a good idea.
End the email with Best/Kind regards.

]]>

In the subject box,give a clear reason for writing your email.
You don't need a greeting if you don't know the person's name.
If you know person's name,you can write Dear+name.
Smileys( :) ),exclamation marks(!),jokes and unimportant information aren't a good idea.
End the email with Best/Kind regards.

]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5489 Sun, 11 Apr 2010 09:46:08 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5489

Opening

Opening : Introduction

In this essay/paper/thesis I shall examine/investigate/evaluate/analyze…: Bu tezde/ kağıtta/ denemede ...'ı tetkik edeceğim/soruşturacağım/ araştıracağım/ değerlendireceğim/ analiz edeceğim.

To answer this question, we begin by taking a closer look at... Bu soruyu cevabına ... konusuna daha yakından bakarak ulaşabilirz.

The question, whether…has been preoccupying the experts for some time. ... olup olmaması konusundaki sorular uzmanları belli bir süredir meşgul etmekte.

It is a well-known fact that… Bu çok iyi bilinen bir gerçektir ki ...

A great deal is being written and said about… ... hakkında büyük şeyler yazılıp söyleniyor.

It is generally agreed today that… Günümüzde genel olarak ... kabul görmüş durumda.

We then review the factors… Daha sonra ... faktörlerini inceliyoruz


We build on this analysis to identify… Bu analizimizi ... gerçeğini ortaya çıkarmak çıkarmak için kuruyoruz.

A persistent theme in...is… ... konusundaki kalıcı bir tema ...


As an empirical phenomenon, ... has been observed repeatedly. Deneysel bir fenomen olarak, ... tekrar tekrar gözlendi.


Against this background, the central question that motivates this paper is: ... Bu genel bilginin aksine, bu çalışmayı tetikleyen asıl soru: ...



This research explores the causes of… Bu araştırma ...'ın nedenlerini açığa çıkartıyor.



The authors of more recent studies have proposed that… Bu konu hakkında yapılan son çalışmalar şunu söyledi: ...

Our purpose is to… Amacımız ...

By empirically examining..., we hope to produce a more complete understanding of… ...'ı deneysel olarak tetkik ederek umuyoruz ki ... konusunda daha kapsamlı bir bilgi bütünü üretebilmişizdir.




Opening : Definition


By definition… means…
... tanımı ile ... denmek isteniyor.

For the purposes of this essay, the term… will be taken to mean…
Bu çalışmanın amaçları doğrultusunda, ... terimi ... anlamında kullanılacaktır.

It is important to be clear about the definition of…
... tanımıyla ilgili açık ve net olmak oldukça önemlidir.
The term… refers to…
... terimi ...'a gönderme yapıyor.

The standard model suggests that… can be defined as…
... şekilde de yorumlanabilecek olan stardart model aslında ...'u öngörüyor.

According to..., …is defined as…
...'a göre ... , ... şekilde tanımlanmıştır.
…may be defined in many ways. Some people argue that the term denotes…
... bir sürü farklı şekilde tanımlanabilir. Bazı kişiler ise bu terimin ...'u açıkladığını savunuyorlar.

…is commonly understood to mean…
...'ın genel olarak ... şekilde anlaşılmıştır.

What we usually have in mind when we talk about… is…
... hakkında konuşurken aklımızda genel olarak olan yargı ...

Two brief examples might clarify this concept.
İki kısa örnek bu konsepti daha net anlamamıza yardım edebilir.

It is important to emphasize…
Şunu vurgulamak önemlidir ki ...

Our focus is on…
Bizim odaklandığımız nokta ...

Finally, we should clarify our definition of…
Sonuç olarak, ... tanımımızı netleştirmeliyiz.

What we mean is that…
Demek istediğimiz şu ki ...

Several explanations have been offered.
Birçok farklı açıklama sunuldu.

We can characterize these explanations as being rooted in…
Bu açıklamaların temelinin ...'den geldiğini düşünebiliriz.

These explanations complement each other and help to illuminate the phenomenon of…
Açıklamalar birbirini tamamlıyor ve ... fenomenini açıklamamıza katkı sağlıyor.


Following..., scholars have argued that …
Takip eden ... konusunda uzmanlar ...'ı tartıştılar.


Opening : Hypothesis


The central question then becomes: how might… affect…?
Sonrasında ana soru şuna dönüşür: ..., ...'u nasıl etkileyebilirdi?

Given this evidence for..., an examination of the factors that impact upon… seems warranted.
... için kanıt verilmişken, ... üzerinde etki gösteren faktörler kesin/ garantili görünüyor.

Over a decade ago, … and… started a debate centering on this question: whether…
On yılı aşkın süre önce, ... ve ... şu soruyu temel alan bir tartışma başlattılar: ya ...

This research addresses… by developing and testing a series of hypotheses indicating how… affects...
Bu araştırma, ...'in ...'ı nasıl etkilediği üzerine bir seri hipotez testinden sonra ...'yı hedef alarak yapılmaktadır.

Thus, following the reasoning set forth by..., we hypothesize that…
Böylece, takip eden açıklama ... ile ortaya konmuş olup biz ... hipotezini oluşturuyoruz.

Some of these arguments have been formalized by..., but none have been tested.
Bu argümanlardan birkaçı ... tarafından formalize edildi ancak hiçbiri test edilmedi.

The evidence from these studies suggests a variety of factors related to…
Bu çalışmalardan çıkan kanıt ... konusuyla ilintili olarak bir sürü faktör öne sürüyor.

...found a significant correlation between… and…
... ve ... arasında sıkı ve önemli bir ilinti bulundu.


Main Body : Agreeing


Broadly speaking, I agree with… because… Genelde ... görüşüne katılırım çünkü ...

One is very much inclined to agree with… because… Biri ... konusuna katılmaya meyillidir çünkü ...

I can see his/her point. Demek istediğini anlıyorum.

I entirely agree that… ...'a tamamen katılıyorum.

I endorse wholeheartedly the opinion that… ... konusu hakkındaki görüşlere tüm kalbimle katılıyorum.

Main Body : Disagreeing

Broadly speaking, I disagree with… because… Genel olarak ...'ne katılmıyorum çünkü ...


One is very much inclined to disagree with… because… Kişi ...'a katılmamaya daha çok meyillidir çünkü ...

I can see his point, but disagree with it entirely. Onun demek istediğini anlıyorum ancak o görüşe kesinlikle katılmıyorum.

I strongly disagree that… ... görüşüne kesinlikle katılmıyorum.

I am firmly opposed to the idea that… ... fikrine kendimden emin olarak karşı çıkıyorum.


Main Body : Comparisons


…and…are similar/different as regards to… ... için benzerlikler/farklılıklar ... ve ...

In contrast to…, …shows… ...'a karşılık ... gösterir ki ...

…by contrast with… is/are… ...'a karşın ...'daki ...

…is similar to… in respect of… ... bakımından ..., ...'a benzerlik gösterir.

…and… differ in terms of... ... ve ..., ... bakımından farklılık gösterir.

The first…, by contrast, the second… Birinci ..., ikinci ...'dan farklı olarak ...

One of the main similarities/differences between… and… is that… ... ve ... arasındaki en önemli benzerliklerden/farklardan biri de ...

One difference between… and… is that…, whereas… ... rağmen, ... ve ... arasındaki bir fark da ...

Main Body : Opinions


I would say that… Demek istediğim ...


It seems to me that… Bana öyle görünüyor ki ...

In my opinion… Bence ...


From my point of view… Benim bakış açıma göre ...

I am of the opinion that… ... görüşündeyim.

I believe that there are several reasons. Firstly,… Secondly… Birçok sebep olduğuna inanıyorum. Bunlardan birincisi ..., ikinci olarak ...


It is my belief that… because… İnancıma göre ... çünkü ...



Main Body : Connecting Elements


Let us now analyze/turn to/examine… Biraz da ...'u analiz edelim/denetleyelim/araştıralım.

It is now clear that… . Let us turn our attention to… ... olduğu aşikardır. Şimdi de dikkatimizi ...'a verelim biraz.

Moreover, one argument against this cannot be ignored: … Daha fazlası, şu argümanı kimse hafife alamaz ki: ...

Admittedly…, but… Kabul etmeliyim ki ..., ama ...

It is true that…, yet the fact remains that… ... doğru ancak ... gerçeği hala korunuyor.


Granted, …, nevertheless… ...'u kabul etmeliyim, yine de ...

On the contrary, … Ancak buna karşıt olarak ...

On the one hand… Bir açıdan baktığımızda ...

On the other hand… Diğer açıdan baktığımızda ...

In spite of… ... olmasına rağmen

Despite the fact that… ... gibi bir gerçeğe rağmen

Scientifically/Historically speaking… Bilimsel/tarihsel olarak konuşursak
...

Incidentally… Antiparantez ...

Furthermore… Buna ilaveten ...


Statistics


Statistics : Empirical Data

It can be seen from… that… ...'den görülebileceği üzere ...

As can be seen from…, … ...'dan anlayabileceğiniz üzere ...

The data would seem to suggest that… Görülen veri ...'ı işaret ediyor olabilir.

The figures reveal that… Sayılar gösteriyor ki ...

From the figures it is apparent that… Figürlerden/numaralardan anlaşılacağı üzere ...

Several noteworthy results were… ... kayda değer birkaç sonuçtu.

The results of the present study demonstrate that… Şu anki çalışmanın sonuçları gösteriyor ki ...

Statistics : Presenting


The number of… has increased/decreased/stayed the same. ... sayısı arttı/azaldı/değişmedi.

The statistics show that the number of… between… and… has doubled/halved. İstatistiklere göre ... sayısı, ... ile ... arasında ikiye katlandı/ yarıya düştü.

The numbers show a steady increase/decrease from… to… Rakamlar gösteriyor ki ...'da ...'ya belirgin kalıcı bir artış/azalma var.

The number of… has risen/fallen in correlation to… ... ile alakalı olarak ... rakamları artış/ azalış gösterdi.

Between… and… one can clearly see that the number of… has increased/decreased/stayed the same. ... ve ... arasında herkes rahatlıkla görebilir ki ... sayısı artmış/azalmış/değişmemiş.

...was positively correlated with… ..., ... ile pozitif olarak ilintilidir/korelasyon gösterir.

As predicted, … Tahmin edildiği üzere ...

This finding is consistent with X's contention that… Bu buluş X'in tarif ettiği içerikle tutarlılık gösterir ki ...

This finding reinforces X's assertion that… X'in de beni destekler nitelikte belirttiği ...

Consistent with X's findings, ...is positively related to… X'in bulduğu şeylerle uyumlu olarak ..., ... ile olumlu bir şekilde ilintilidir.


Statistics : Concluding


The statistics show that… İstatistikler gösteriyor ki ...

According to the statistics… İstatistiklere göre ...

When one looks at the statistics, one can see that… İstatistiklere baktığımızda kolayca görebiliriz ki ...

Statistically speaking… İstatistiksel olarak konuşursak ...

Taking into account the statistical data, we can surmise that… İstatistiksel verileri de göz önüne aldığımızda özetleyebiliriz ki ...

The implications of this research are manifold. First, … is critical because… Bu araştırmanın implikasyonları birden çok ve benzer durumda. Birincisi, ... oldukça kritik çünkü ...

The current study has practical implications as well. First, ...is intuitively appealing and is easily understood by strategists. Şu anki çalışmanın uygulanabilir implikasyonları da var. Birincisi, ... son derece göze çarpan ve strateji uzmanları tarafından kolayca anlaşılabilir bir sonuç.



Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams


Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams : Description


The graph shows that…started climbing steadily, peaking at…, and flattened out at a level of… Grafiğe göre ... tırmanışa geçmiş durumda, ... noktasında zirve yapıyor ve ... noktasında sabitleşmeye başlıyor.

According to the diagram, the number of…rose sharply between…and…, before plunging back down to its original level. Diyagrama göre ..., ... ve ... noktaları arasında normal seyrine dönmeden önce keskin bir yükseliş yaşıyor.


The graphs show a plateau at the level of… Grafikler ... seviyesinde bir plato oluşumuna işaret ediyorlar.

Within the picture is contained… Resmin içinde ... de dahil durumda.

The diagram depicts that there were more…than…between…and… Diyagrama bakarsak ... ve ... arasında ...'dan daha çok ... bulunmakta.

Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams : Interpretation


This diagram represents…and therefore shows that… ...'ı sunan bu diyagram sonuç olarak gösterir ki ...

The shape of the graph demonstrates that… Grafiğin sahip olduğu bu şekil...'i gösteriyor.

There is a clearly defined pattern to the graph, and this can be taken to mean that… Grafik için açıkça belirtilmiş bu kalıptan şunu çıkarabiliriz ki ...

The graph can thus be used to predict… Bu grafik ...'in tahmininde kullanılabilir.

One can interpret the graph in several ways. Firstly it shows… Bu grafik birçok yolla açıklanabilir. Birinci olarak grafik ...'i gösteriyor.

Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams : Legends


Figure…representing… ... figürü ...'yi temsil ediyor.

Figure…showing… ... figürü ...'i gösteriyor.

Diagram…examining… ... diyagramı ...'ı inceliyor.

Diagram…depicting… ... diyagramı ...'ı resmediyor.


Closing


Closing : Summarizing


We opened this paper by noting… Bu çalışmayı ...'u not ederek açtık.

The foregoing discussion has attempted to… Süregelen tartışma ...'a yönelikti.

The hypotheses were tested with data covering… Hipotezler ...'ı kapsayan veriler ile test edildi.

To sum up… Özetlemek gerekirse ...

In summary, … Kısacası ...

Closing : Concluding


We feel that our study enhances academic understanding of the factors… Bizce çalışmamız ... faktörünün bilimsel açıdan anlaşılma sürecini geliştirmiştir.

All in all… Sonuç olarak ...

By and large… Genel olarak ...

…leads us to the conclusion that… ... bizi ... sonucuna götürür.

The arguments given above prove that… Yukarıda verilen argümanlar da gösteriyor ki ...

We can see then, that… Daha sonra görebiliriz ki ...

All of this points to the fact that… Tüm bunların işaret ettiği üzere ...

Understanding...can help reveal… ...'ı anlamak ...'u açığa çıkarabilir.

On balance… Tarafsız olarak düşünürsek ...

A number of restrictions of our study and areas for future research should be mentioned… Çalışmamız ve gelecekteki çalışmalar için birkaç sınırılayıcı faktörden bahsetmek gerekir ki ...

Thus, our thesis is that there are a number of factors that… Tezimiz ile ilgili olarak birkaç faktör var ki ...

Clearly, some of propositions that we have offered are not entirely unique… Açıkçası önermelerimizden bazıları çok özgün değil ...

However, we submit that the contribution of our paper rests on three areas… Çalışmamızın üç farklı alana olan katkısını kabul etsek de ...

Our study serves as a window to an understanding of the process… Çalışmamız ... sürecinin anlaşılmasına açılan bir pencere olarak hizmet veriyor.]]>

Opening

Opening : Introduction

In this essay/paper/thesis I shall examine/investigate/evaluate/analyze…: Bu tezde/ kağıtta/ denemede ...'ı tetkik edeceğim/soruşturacağım/ araştıracağım/ değerlendireceğim/ analiz edeceğim.

To answer this question, we begin by taking a closer look at... Bu soruyu cevabına ... konusuna daha yakından bakarak ulaşabilirz.

The question, whether…has been preoccupying the experts for some time. ... olup olmaması konusundaki sorular uzmanları belli bir süredir meşgul etmekte.

It is a well-known fact that… Bu çok iyi bilinen bir gerçektir ki ...

A great deal is being written and said about… ... hakkında büyük şeyler yazılıp söyleniyor.

It is generally agreed today that… Günümüzde genel olarak ... kabul görmüş durumda.

We then review the factors… Daha sonra ... faktörlerini inceliyoruz


We build on this analysis to identify… Bu analizimizi ... gerçeğini ortaya çıkarmak çıkarmak için kuruyoruz.

A persistent theme in...is… ... konusundaki kalıcı bir tema ...


As an empirical phenomenon, ... has been observed repeatedly. Deneysel bir fenomen olarak, ... tekrar tekrar gözlendi.


Against this background, the central question that motivates this paper is: ... Bu genel bilginin aksine, bu çalışmayı tetikleyen asıl soru: ...



This research explores the causes of… Bu araştırma ...'ın nedenlerini açığa çıkartıyor.



The authors of more recent studies have proposed that… Bu konu hakkında yapılan son çalışmalar şunu söyledi: ...

Our purpose is to… Amacımız ...

By empirically examining..., we hope to produce a more complete understanding of… ...'ı deneysel olarak tetkik ederek umuyoruz ki ... konusunda daha kapsamlı bir bilgi bütünü üretebilmişizdir.




Opening : Definition


By definition… means…
... tanımı ile ... denmek isteniyor.

For the purposes of this essay, the term… will be taken to mean…
Bu çalışmanın amaçları doğrultusunda, ... terimi ... anlamında kullanılacaktır.

It is important to be clear about the definition of…
... tanımıyla ilgili açık ve net olmak oldukça önemlidir.
The term… refers to…
... terimi ...'a gönderme yapıyor.

The standard model suggests that… can be defined as…
... şekilde de yorumlanabilecek olan stardart model aslında ...'u öngörüyor.

According to..., …is defined as…
...'a göre ... , ... şekilde tanımlanmıştır.
…may be defined in many ways. Some people argue that the term denotes…
... bir sürü farklı şekilde tanımlanabilir. Bazı kişiler ise bu terimin ...'u açıkladığını savunuyorlar.

…is commonly understood to mean…
...'ın genel olarak ... şekilde anlaşılmıştır.

What we usually have in mind when we talk about… is…
... hakkında konuşurken aklımızda genel olarak olan yargı ...

Two brief examples might clarify this concept.
İki kısa örnek bu konsepti daha net anlamamıza yardım edebilir.

It is important to emphasize…
Şunu vurgulamak önemlidir ki ...

Our focus is on…
Bizim odaklandığımız nokta ...

Finally, we should clarify our definition of…
Sonuç olarak, ... tanımımızı netleştirmeliyiz.

What we mean is that…
Demek istediğimiz şu ki ...

Several explanations have been offered.
Birçok farklı açıklama sunuldu.

We can characterize these explanations as being rooted in…
Bu açıklamaların temelinin ...'den geldiğini düşünebiliriz.

These explanations complement each other and help to illuminate the phenomenon of…
Açıklamalar birbirini tamamlıyor ve ... fenomenini açıklamamıza katkı sağlıyor.


Following..., scholars have argued that …
Takip eden ... konusunda uzmanlar ...'ı tartıştılar.


Opening : Hypothesis


The central question then becomes: how might… affect…?
Sonrasında ana soru şuna dönüşür: ..., ...'u nasıl etkileyebilirdi?

Given this evidence for..., an examination of the factors that impact upon… seems warranted.
... için kanıt verilmişken, ... üzerinde etki gösteren faktörler kesin/ garantili görünüyor.

Over a decade ago, … and… started a debate centering on this question: whether…
On yılı aşkın süre önce, ... ve ... şu soruyu temel alan bir tartışma başlattılar: ya ...

This research addresses… by developing and testing a series of hypotheses indicating how… affects...
Bu araştırma, ...'in ...'ı nasıl etkilediği üzerine bir seri hipotez testinden sonra ...'yı hedef alarak yapılmaktadır.

Thus, following the reasoning set forth by..., we hypothesize that…
Böylece, takip eden açıklama ... ile ortaya konmuş olup biz ... hipotezini oluşturuyoruz.

Some of these arguments have been formalized by..., but none have been tested.
Bu argümanlardan birkaçı ... tarafından formalize edildi ancak hiçbiri test edilmedi.

The evidence from these studies suggests a variety of factors related to…
Bu çalışmalardan çıkan kanıt ... konusuyla ilintili olarak bir sürü faktör öne sürüyor.

...found a significant correlation between… and…
... ve ... arasında sıkı ve önemli bir ilinti bulundu.


Main Body : Agreeing


Broadly speaking, I agree with… because… Genelde ... görüşüne katılırım çünkü ...

One is very much inclined to agree with… because… Biri ... konusuna katılmaya meyillidir çünkü ...

I can see his/her point. Demek istediğini anlıyorum.

I entirely agree that… ...'a tamamen katılıyorum.

I endorse wholeheartedly the opinion that… ... konusu hakkındaki görüşlere tüm kalbimle katılıyorum.

Main Body : Disagreeing

Broadly speaking, I disagree with… because… Genel olarak ...'ne katılmıyorum çünkü ...


One is very much inclined to disagree with… because… Kişi ...'a katılmamaya daha çok meyillidir çünkü ...

I can see his point, but disagree with it entirely. Onun demek istediğini anlıyorum ancak o görüşe kesinlikle katılmıyorum.

I strongly disagree that… ... görüşüne kesinlikle katılmıyorum.

I am firmly opposed to the idea that… ... fikrine kendimden emin olarak karşı çıkıyorum.


Main Body : Comparisons


…and…are similar/different as regards to… ... için benzerlikler/farklılıklar ... ve ...

In contrast to…, …shows… ...'a karşılık ... gösterir ki ...

…by contrast with… is/are… ...'a karşın ...'daki ...

…is similar to… in respect of… ... bakımından ..., ...'a benzerlik gösterir.

…and… differ in terms of... ... ve ..., ... bakımından farklılık gösterir.

The first…, by contrast, the second… Birinci ..., ikinci ...'dan farklı olarak ...

One of the main similarities/differences between… and… is that… ... ve ... arasındaki en önemli benzerliklerden/farklardan biri de ...

One difference between… and… is that…, whereas… ... rağmen, ... ve ... arasındaki bir fark da ...

Main Body : Opinions


I would say that… Demek istediğim ...


It seems to me that… Bana öyle görünüyor ki ...

In my opinion… Bence ...


From my point of view… Benim bakış açıma göre ...

I am of the opinion that… ... görüşündeyim.

I believe that there are several reasons. Firstly,… Secondly… Birçok sebep olduğuna inanıyorum. Bunlardan birincisi ..., ikinci olarak ...


It is my belief that… because… İnancıma göre ... çünkü ...



Main Body : Connecting Elements


Let us now analyze/turn to/examine… Biraz da ...'u analiz edelim/denetleyelim/araştıralım.

It is now clear that… . Let us turn our attention to… ... olduğu aşikardır. Şimdi de dikkatimizi ...'a verelim biraz.

Moreover, one argument against this cannot be ignored: … Daha fazlası, şu argümanı kimse hafife alamaz ki: ...

Admittedly…, but… Kabul etmeliyim ki ..., ama ...

It is true that…, yet the fact remains that… ... doğru ancak ... gerçeği hala korunuyor.


Granted, …, nevertheless… ...'u kabul etmeliyim, yine de ...

On the contrary, … Ancak buna karşıt olarak ...

On the one hand… Bir açıdan baktığımızda ...

On the other hand… Diğer açıdan baktığımızda ...

In spite of… ... olmasına rağmen

Despite the fact that… ... gibi bir gerçeğe rağmen

Scientifically/Historically speaking… Bilimsel/tarihsel olarak konuşursak
...

Incidentally… Antiparantez ...

Furthermore… Buna ilaveten ...


Statistics


Statistics : Empirical Data

It can be seen from… that… ...'den görülebileceği üzere ...

As can be seen from…, … ...'dan anlayabileceğiniz üzere ...

The data would seem to suggest that… Görülen veri ...'ı işaret ediyor olabilir.

The figures reveal that… Sayılar gösteriyor ki ...

From the figures it is apparent that… Figürlerden/numaralardan anlaşılacağı üzere ...

Several noteworthy results were… ... kayda değer birkaç sonuçtu.

The results of the present study demonstrate that… Şu anki çalışmanın sonuçları gösteriyor ki ...

Statistics : Presenting


The number of… has increased/decreased/stayed the same. ... sayısı arttı/azaldı/değişmedi.

The statistics show that the number of… between… and… has doubled/halved. İstatistiklere göre ... sayısı, ... ile ... arasında ikiye katlandı/ yarıya düştü.

The numbers show a steady increase/decrease from… to… Rakamlar gösteriyor ki ...'da ...'ya belirgin kalıcı bir artış/azalma var.

The number of… has risen/fallen in correlation to… ... ile alakalı olarak ... rakamları artış/ azalış gösterdi.

Between… and… one can clearly see that the number of… has increased/decreased/stayed the same. ... ve ... arasında herkes rahatlıkla görebilir ki ... sayısı artmış/azalmış/değişmemiş.

...was positively correlated with… ..., ... ile pozitif olarak ilintilidir/korelasyon gösterir.

As predicted, … Tahmin edildiği üzere ...

This finding is consistent with X's contention that… Bu buluş X'in tarif ettiği içerikle tutarlılık gösterir ki ...

This finding reinforces X's assertion that… X'in de beni destekler nitelikte belirttiği ...

Consistent with X's findings, ...is positively related to… X'in bulduğu şeylerle uyumlu olarak ..., ... ile olumlu bir şekilde ilintilidir.


Statistics : Concluding


The statistics show that… İstatistikler gösteriyor ki ...

According to the statistics… İstatistiklere göre ...

When one looks at the statistics, one can see that… İstatistiklere baktığımızda kolayca görebiliriz ki ...

Statistically speaking… İstatistiksel olarak konuşursak ...

Taking into account the statistical data, we can surmise that… İstatistiksel verileri de göz önüne aldığımızda özetleyebiliriz ki ...

The implications of this research are manifold. First, … is critical because… Bu araştırmanın implikasyonları birden çok ve benzer durumda. Birincisi, ... oldukça kritik çünkü ...

The current study has practical implications as well. First, ...is intuitively appealing and is easily understood by strategists. Şu anki çalışmanın uygulanabilir implikasyonları da var. Birincisi, ... son derece göze çarpan ve strateji uzmanları tarafından kolayca anlaşılabilir bir sonuç.



Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams


Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams : Description


The graph shows that…started climbing steadily, peaking at…, and flattened out at a level of… Grafiğe göre ... tırmanışa geçmiş durumda, ... noktasında zirve yapıyor ve ... noktasında sabitleşmeye başlıyor.

According to the diagram, the number of…rose sharply between…and…, before plunging back down to its original level. Diyagrama göre ..., ... ve ... noktaları arasında normal seyrine dönmeden önce keskin bir yükseliş yaşıyor.


The graphs show a plateau at the level of… Grafikler ... seviyesinde bir plato oluşumuna işaret ediyorlar.

Within the picture is contained… Resmin içinde ... de dahil durumda.

The diagram depicts that there were more…than…between…and… Diyagrama bakarsak ... ve ... arasında ...'dan daha çok ... bulunmakta.

Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams : Interpretation


This diagram represents…and therefore shows that… ...'ı sunan bu diyagram sonuç olarak gösterir ki ...

The shape of the graph demonstrates that… Grafiğin sahip olduğu bu şekil...'i gösteriyor.

There is a clearly defined pattern to the graph, and this can be taken to mean that… Grafik için açıkça belirtilmiş bu kalıptan şunu çıkarabiliriz ki ...

The graph can thus be used to predict… Bu grafik ...'in tahmininde kullanılabilir.

One can interpret the graph in several ways. Firstly it shows… Bu grafik birçok yolla açıklanabilir. Birinci olarak grafik ...'i gösteriyor.

Graphs, Pictures and Diagrams : Legends


Figure…representing… ... figürü ...'yi temsil ediyor.

Figure…showing… ... figürü ...'i gösteriyor.

Diagram…examining… ... diyagramı ...'ı inceliyor.

Diagram…depicting… ... diyagramı ...'ı resmediyor.


Closing


Closing : Summarizing


We opened this paper by noting… Bu çalışmayı ...'u not ederek açtık.

The foregoing discussion has attempted to… Süregelen tartışma ...'a yönelikti.

The hypotheses were tested with data covering… Hipotezler ...'ı kapsayan veriler ile test edildi.

To sum up… Özetlemek gerekirse ...

In summary, … Kısacası ...

Closing : Concluding


We feel that our study enhances academic understanding of the factors… Bizce çalışmamız ... faktörünün bilimsel açıdan anlaşılma sürecini geliştirmiştir.

All in all… Sonuç olarak ...

By and large… Genel olarak ...

…leads us to the conclusion that… ... bizi ... sonucuna götürür.

The arguments given above prove that… Yukarıda verilen argümanlar da gösteriyor ki ...

We can see then, that… Daha sonra görebiliriz ki ...

All of this points to the fact that… Tüm bunların işaret ettiği üzere ...

Understanding...can help reveal… ...'ı anlamak ...'u açığa çıkarabilir.

On balance… Tarafsız olarak düşünürsek ...

A number of restrictions of our study and areas for future research should be mentioned… Çalışmamız ve gelecekteki çalışmalar için birkaç sınırılayıcı faktörden bahsetmek gerekir ki ...

Thus, our thesis is that there are a number of factors that… Tezimiz ile ilgili olarak birkaç faktör var ki ...

Clearly, some of propositions that we have offered are not entirely unique… Açıkçası önermelerimizden bazıları çok özgün değil ...

However, we submit that the contribution of our paper rests on three areas… Çalışmamızın üç farklı alana olan katkısını kabul etsek de ...

Our study serves as a window to an understanding of the process… Çalışmamız ... sürecinin anlaşılmasına açılan bir pencere olarak hizmet veriyor.]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5488 Sun, 11 Apr 2010 09:44:34 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5488
Good essays are comprised of sentences that are arranged in a certain logical manner. For writing to flow best, it contains some kind of arguement, whether implied or stated outrightly. An arguement by definition is logical, so for beginning essay writers, it is crucial to practice writing logical arguements.

By "argument" we mean the point one is trying to express: it could be something like, "I support a certain political view," or on the other hand, it could be something like, "snowy days make me feel sentimental". Both are arguements which contain an implicit logic, and to express this logic, an essay should flow in a certain proscribed way.

First, introduce your subject. An introduction should be provocative, containing a sentence or two about the subject. For beginning essayists, it's best to learn to draw before you learn to paint; therefore, the introduction might be a single paragraph that segues into the thesis. In an introductory paragraph, one might describe the relevance of the essay being written, why you are writing it, and why you value to subject at hand. Or, if you are writing about snowy days, it might simply be a description of a snowy day.

Secondly, write a thesis paragraph for the entire essay. The thesis is the point you are trying to get across. After describing a snowy day in your introduction, your thesis sentence or paragraph might be something like: "Days like this make me feel sentimental." The rest of the essay will substantiate this thesis.

Thirdly, structure each of your paragraphs around a subpoint. Your subpoints serve your thesis. So in our imaginary essay, a subpoint might be: "Snowy days remind me of playing in the snow as a child." Structure a paragraph around that sentence; every sentence in the paragraph should have something to do with that sentence. You might describe building a snowman with your dad, finding a carrot for the nose, watching it melt with sorrow as summer approached. Scratch out any sentence in that paragraph that doesn't apply to remembering how you played in the snow as a child. Your next paragraph might be centered around the sentence: "Snowy days make me think of Christmas." All the sentences in the subsequent paragraph will substantiate this idea, and so on.

So, once you write an intoruction, a thesis, and paragraphs centered around subpoints which support the thesis, your outline will look like this:

1st paragraph--Introduction: Description of a snowy day

2nd paragraph--Thesis: Snowy days make me feel sentimental

3rd paragraph--Subpoint 1: Snowy days remind me of playing in the snow as a child.

4th paragraph--Subpoint 2: Snowy days remind me of Christmas...

etc.

Once you have written three or more supporting paragraphs, it is time to write a conclusion. This may be where you drive your point home, telling us precisely why playing in the snow, Christmas, etc., all make you feel sentimental.

Upon writing the conclusion, you have produced a successful essay that is guaranteed to flow. It will flow because it is logical; it isn't necessary to be a great writer or to come up with impressive words.
How to]]>
Good essays are comprised of sentences that are arranged in a certain logical manner. For writing to flow best, it contains some kind of arguement, whether implied or stated outrightly. An arguement by definition is logical, so for beginning essay writers, it is crucial to practice writing logical arguements.

By "argument" we mean the point one is trying to express: it could be something like, "I support a certain political view," or on the other hand, it could be something like, "snowy days make me feel sentimental". Both are arguements which contain an implicit logic, and to express this logic, an essay should flow in a certain proscribed way.

First, introduce your subject. An introduction should be provocative, containing a sentence or two about the subject. For beginning essayists, it's best to learn to draw before you learn to paint; therefore, the introduction might be a single paragraph that segues into the thesis. In an introductory paragraph, one might describe the relevance of the essay being written, why you are writing it, and why you value to subject at hand. Or, if you are writing about snowy days, it might simply be a description of a snowy day.

Secondly, write a thesis paragraph for the entire essay. The thesis is the point you are trying to get across. After describing a snowy day in your introduction, your thesis sentence or paragraph might be something like: "Days like this make me feel sentimental." The rest of the essay will substantiate this thesis.

Thirdly, structure each of your paragraphs around a subpoint. Your subpoints serve your thesis. So in our imaginary essay, a subpoint might be: "Snowy days remind me of playing in the snow as a child." Structure a paragraph around that sentence; every sentence in the paragraph should have something to do with that sentence. You might describe building a snowman with your dad, finding a carrot for the nose, watching it melt with sorrow as summer approached. Scratch out any sentence in that paragraph that doesn't apply to remembering how you played in the snow as a child. Your next paragraph might be centered around the sentence: "Snowy days make me think of Christmas." All the sentences in the subsequent paragraph will substantiate this idea, and so on.

So, once you write an intoruction, a thesis, and paragraphs centered around subpoints which support the thesis, your outline will look like this:

1st paragraph--Introduction: Description of a snowy day

2nd paragraph--Thesis: Snowy days make me feel sentimental

3rd paragraph--Subpoint 1: Snowy days remind me of playing in the snow as a child.

4th paragraph--Subpoint 2: Snowy days remind me of Christmas...

etc.

Once you have written three or more supporting paragraphs, it is time to write a conclusion. This may be where you drive your point home, telling us precisely why playing in the snow, Christmas, etc., all make you feel sentimental.

Upon writing the conclusion, you have produced a successful essay that is guaranteed to flow. It will flow because it is logical; it isn't necessary to be a great writer or to come up with impressive words.
How to]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5487 Sun, 11 Apr 2010 09:42:35 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5487
Firstly, one reason why students fail the exam is that students don't attend regularly so they don't pass many exams.Attendence is rather important for students at university.Most of the students think attendence is not necessary and students always make some mistakes about this situation.Thanks to attending regularly, you can improve skill, you can do many important thing and you might have many good experiences.Futhermore, you can know what to do or how to learn better.If you don't attend regularly university, you can't learn many important information and you can fail the exam.Some students, instead of going to school, they prefer to hang out with friends so they don't what is important about lesson. To cut it short, if you want to pass exam, you must study regularly.

The second reason for failure is having psychological problems and exam anxiety.Some of students have psychological problems, they get very excited during the exam time and they forget a lot of information and sometimes they tend to make stupid mistakes.Actually, some students know everything but they can not do when the exam time comes.I think it is very big problem because you know all but you can't do anyting.To give an example; you have exam tomorrow, you study for exam but during exam you are excited and you forget everything and you don't pass exam.Another reason, why some students fail the exam is that they don't study.Nowadays, most of students sometimes don't study regularly.These students want to have a good time in university and they don't want to be bored so they don't study regularly.Partly connected to this effect, students don't pass the exam and don't graduate from university easily.To sum up, if you want to pass exam, you must study regularly

As you can see.students have several reason for failling the exam.If you want to be successful in your academic life, you must attend and study regularly.]]>
Firstly, one reason why students fail the exam is that students don't attend regularly so they don't pass many exams.Attendence is rather important for students at university.Most of the students think attendence is not necessary and students always make some mistakes about this situation.Thanks to attending regularly, you can improve skill, you can do many important thing and you might have many good experiences.Futhermore, you can know what to do or how to learn better.If you don't attend regularly university, you can't learn many important information and you can fail the exam.Some students, instead of going to school, they prefer to hang out with friends so they don't what is important about lesson. To cut it short, if you want to pass exam, you must study regularly.

The second reason for failure is having psychological problems and exam anxiety.Some of students have psychological problems, they get very excited during the exam time and they forget a lot of information and sometimes they tend to make stupid mistakes.Actually, some students know everything but they can not do when the exam time comes.I think it is very big problem because you know all but you can't do anyting.To give an example; you have exam tomorrow, you study for exam but during exam you are excited and you forget everything and you don't pass exam.Another reason, why some students fail the exam is that they don't study.Nowadays, most of students sometimes don't study regularly.These students want to have a good time in university and they don't want to be bored so they don't study regularly.Partly connected to this effect, students don't pass the exam and don't graduate from university easily.To sum up, if you want to pass exam, you must study regularly

As you can see.students have several reason for failling the exam.If you want to be successful in your academic life, you must attend and study regularly.]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5254 Sun, 24 Jan 2010 18:09:13 +0200 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=5254
* ‘Preposition’ları asla cümle sonunda kullanmayın.

* Edilgen cümle (Passive) kullanılmamalıdır.

* her cümleye büyük harfle başlayın ve noktayla bitirmeyi ihmal etmeyin

* ‘infinitive’i (to + verb) asla bölmeyin.

* Açıklayıcı ifadeler bu arada iki virgül arasında yazılmalıdır.

* Daha kısa bir kelime aynı anlamı verebilecekken uzun kelimeler kullanmayın.

* Eksik kelimeler ihtimaline dikkatlice okuyun.

* Dikkatli yazmak, ortaçların yanlış kullanımından sakının.

* Tekrarlar, fazlalıklar yada aynı anlama gelen, lüzumsuz ifadeler kullanmayın.

* On kelimeyi aşan cümleler isimlerin yerine mümkün olduğunca zamir kullanmaya gayret edin.

* İşaretlerden & kısaltmalardan vs. kaçının.

* İngilizce bir karşılığı varken yabancı konseptler kullanmayın.

* Kısaltma cümlelere hayır.

* Arkaik ifadeler kullanmama yolunda cehdetmek yazarın vazifesidir.

* ‘Double negatives’ kullanmayın.

* Sinir sistemini sarsan ses tekrarlarından sakının.

* Cevap beklemekten ziyade karşısındaki etkilemeyi amaçlayan sorular (rhetorical questions) kimin hoşuna gider?

* İsimleri fiillemeyin.

* Mübalağa kullanmayın; milyarda bir yazar bile bunu etkili bir biçimde kullanamaz.

* Aşağı yukarı spesifik olun.

* Konuşma dili muhabbetlerinden uzak durun.

* Gereksiz virgüller, kullanmayın.

* Ağdalı ifadeler, gerekli olandan fazla kelime kullanmayın; bu aşırıya kaçmak olur.

* Ve cümlelere bağlaçla başlamayın.

* Cümleyi bitirmek için ‘preposition’ korkunç bir kelimedir.

* Bir cümle sonunda olabilecek en son şey bağlantı filleridir (eylem değil durum bildiren fiiller; linking verbs).

* Klişelerden vebadan kaçar gibi kaçının.

* İfadeleri olumsuz formda kullanmayın.

* Ünlem işaretini fazla kullanmamaya dikkat edin!!!

* Parantez içerisinde ifadeler (ilgili de olsa) gereksizdir.

* Özne ve yüklem arasına virgül koymak, yanlıştır.

* Zamirlerin kendinden sonra gelerek tanımladığı isimlerle (antecedent) uyumlu olmasına dikkat edin.

* Kesme işaretinin'in doğru kullanımı önemlidir.]]>
* ‘Preposition’ları asla cümle sonunda kullanmayın.

* Edilgen cümle (Passive) kullanılmamalıdır.

* her cümleye büyük harfle başlayın ve noktayla bitirmeyi ihmal etmeyin

* ‘infinitive’i (to + verb) asla bölmeyin.

* Açıklayıcı ifadeler bu arada iki virgül arasında yazılmalıdır.

* Daha kısa bir kelime aynı anlamı verebilecekken uzun kelimeler kullanmayın.

* Eksik kelimeler ihtimaline dikkatlice okuyun.

* Dikkatli yazmak, ortaçların yanlış kullanımından sakının.

* Tekrarlar, fazlalıklar yada aynı anlama gelen, lüzumsuz ifadeler kullanmayın.

* On kelimeyi aşan cümleler isimlerin yerine mümkün olduğunca zamir kullanmaya gayret edin.

* İşaretlerden & kısaltmalardan vs. kaçının.

* İngilizce bir karşılığı varken yabancı konseptler kullanmayın.

* Kısaltma cümlelere hayır.

* Arkaik ifadeler kullanmama yolunda cehdetmek yazarın vazifesidir.

* ‘Double negatives’ kullanmayın.

* Sinir sistemini sarsan ses tekrarlarından sakının.

* Cevap beklemekten ziyade karşısındaki etkilemeyi amaçlayan sorular (rhetorical questions) kimin hoşuna gider?

* İsimleri fiillemeyin.

* Mübalağa kullanmayın; milyarda bir yazar bile bunu etkili bir biçimde kullanamaz.

* Aşağı yukarı spesifik olun.

* Konuşma dili muhabbetlerinden uzak durun.

* Gereksiz virgüller, kullanmayın.

* Ağdalı ifadeler, gerekli olandan fazla kelime kullanmayın; bu aşırıya kaçmak olur.

* Ve cümlelere bağlaçla başlamayın.

* Cümleyi bitirmek için ‘preposition’ korkunç bir kelimedir.

* Bir cümle sonunda olabilecek en son şey bağlantı filleridir (eylem değil durum bildiren fiiller; linking verbs).

* Klişelerden vebadan kaçar gibi kaçının.

* İfadeleri olumsuz formda kullanmayın.

* Ünlem işaretini fazla kullanmamaya dikkat edin!!!

* Parantez içerisinde ifadeler (ilgili de olsa) gereksizdir.

* Özne ve yüklem arasına virgül koymak, yanlıştır.

* Zamirlerin kendinden sonra gelerek tanımladığı isimlerle (antecedent) uyumlu olmasına dikkat edin.

* Kesme işaretinin'in doğru kullanımı önemlidir.]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4378 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 01:01:24 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4378

- alıntıdır -]]>

- alıntıdır -]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4163 Tue, 26 May 2009 17:53:00 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4163 Kayıt Ol! -
Giriş Yap...

While reading you should build up a personal ‘database‘ of special words or phrases. Get a small copy book and list down all striking and unknown words to you. Therefore, be regular in breeding a medley of nice words in your special ‘note-book‘. Those precious words are your key to write good english.

Now, does this mean that you should read everyday? Not really, but you should definetly read your smorgasbord of words in your note-book everyday! I strongly believe that there are 2 kinds of people - one who read very very often, if not everyday, to master the language (as i did unknowingly for the french language) and the second person who read little, but nurturing a high mastery of the basics and techniques of the english language (this one was my conscious experience with english).

But here, the key tricks are:

1) Each time and every single time you read, you should keep growing your ‘database’ of words. Keep looking for new prominent words.

2) Make the english dictionary be your bosom english friend - never keep a word in your book without finding and writing down it’s meaning. Else, do not bother about even writing it down !

3) You should pinpoint good critical articles/books, think about what you are reading and in this process be generous to yourself by taking notes conscientiously of new golden words. This is because you are reading rarely and hence you should make those rare readings worth 10 times the ones that you would read everyday. So you have to be very selective and analytical in what you will read.

4) Now that you have a copy-book full of defined words, don’t just sit around and smile at it. Go and put them into practice. Start by writing good sentences with these words and write some essays. Writing here is pivotal. Just like a car cannot run without a battery, you can not expect to have a fluent english if you do not write english.
(Alinti)]]> Kayıt Ol! -
Giriş Yap...

While reading you should build up a personal ‘database‘ of special words or phrases. Get a small copy book and list down all striking and unknown words to you. Therefore, be regular in breeding a medley of nice words in your special ‘note-book‘. Those precious words are your key to write good english.

Now, does this mean that you should read everyday? Not really, but you should definetly read your smorgasbord of words in your note-book everyday! I strongly believe that there are 2 kinds of people - one who read very very often, if not everyday, to master the language (as i did unknowingly for the french language) and the second person who read little, but nurturing a high mastery of the basics and techniques of the english language (this one was my conscious experience with english).

But here, the key tricks are:

1) Each time and every single time you read, you should keep growing your ‘database’ of words. Keep looking for new prominent words.

2) Make the english dictionary be your bosom english friend - never keep a word in your book without finding and writing down it’s meaning. Else, do not bother about even writing it down !

3) You should pinpoint good critical articles/books, think about what you are reading and in this process be generous to yourself by taking notes conscientiously of new golden words. This is because you are reading rarely and hence you should make those rare readings worth 10 times the ones that you would read everyday. So you have to be very selective and analytical in what you will read.

4) Now that you have a copy-book full of defined words, don’t just sit around and smile at it. Go and put them into practice. Start by writing good sentences with these words and write some essays. Writing here is pivotal. Just like a car cannot run without a battery, you can not expect to have a fluent english if you do not write english.
(Alinti)]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4046 Fri, 15 May 2009 23:05:46 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4046
Step 1 - First schedule yourself time to work on your essay. The same way you schedule time with friends and work. You must also schedule time for writing your essay.

•Get comfortable with coffee, tea or anything that you can use to relax
•If possible were comfortable clothes
•Plan to write your essay in a place that you find convent and comfortable
•Try to schedule a time to write your essay when you are not tired, hungry etc

Step 2 - Try to develop positive thoughts about writing your essay. The more positive you are about writing your essay the easier it will be to write.

Step 3 - Find out the length of the essay. OK this sounds "stupid", but it is so common that people do not write the required amount. The person reading your essay doesn't not want to read 5000 words, if the assignment is for 2000 words.

Step 4 - Choose a topic for your essay, if possible (sometimes an assigned topic is required. If you are not lucky enough to choose a topic then if possible choose a sub-topic. Here are some steps to help you decide on a topic:

•Choose a topic or a subtopic that interest you.
•A topic or a subtopic that you will be able to acquire enough research. In other words don't choose a subject that you will not be able to find enough research sources.

Step 5 - Make a list of resource sources, some resource sources you might want to try are:

•Professional Newspapers - Magazines
•Government Documents
•Published Articles & Documents
•Encyclopedias and other reference sources.
•Internet
•Library
•If possible interview people

Step 6 - Collect related information on your topic. Decide which information is use able and relevant which is irrelevant/useful.]]>
Step 1 - First schedule yourself time to work on your essay. The same way you schedule time with friends and work. You must also schedule time for writing your essay.

•Get comfortable with coffee, tea or anything that you can use to relax
•If possible were comfortable clothes
•Plan to write your essay in a place that you find convent and comfortable
•Try to schedule a time to write your essay when you are not tired, hungry etc

Step 2 - Try to develop positive thoughts about writing your essay. The more positive you are about writing your essay the easier it will be to write.

Step 3 - Find out the length of the essay. OK this sounds "stupid", but it is so common that people do not write the required amount. The person reading your essay doesn't not want to read 5000 words, if the assignment is for 2000 words.

Step 4 - Choose a topic for your essay, if possible (sometimes an assigned topic is required. If you are not lucky enough to choose a topic then if possible choose a sub-topic. Here are some steps to help you decide on a topic:

•Choose a topic or a subtopic that interest you.
•A topic or a subtopic that you will be able to acquire enough research. In other words don't choose a subject that you will not be able to find enough research sources.

Step 5 - Make a list of resource sources, some resource sources you might want to try are:

•Professional Newspapers - Magazines
•Government Documents
•Published Articles & Documents
•Encyclopedias and other reference sources.
•Internet
•Library
•If possible interview people

Step 6 - Collect related information on your topic. Decide which information is use able and relevant which is irrelevant/useful.]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4045 Fri, 15 May 2009 23:02:15 +0300 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=4045
The keywords are the words that will tell you what kind of answer the reader is looking for, such as discuses, argue, anaylze etc.

The key words are it is important to answer the question, not just write about the topic. It is like if you went into a store and you asked the salesperson, for sport shoes and he brought you evening shoes, it doesn't matter how much you like the evening shoes it is just not what you want, so be careful and answer the questions correctly.

Analyze - separate the subject into parts, and explain how the different parts are related to each other.

Argue - describe a different point of view, explain why your point of view is better then the an other point of view

Compare - state the similarity of the topic

Contrast - state the differences of the topic

Describe - state clear details about the topic, try to explain the topic so the reader can get a visual image in there head.

Interpret/Explain - state what the author means or what you think the author is trying to tell you, it is not what you think or feel

Summarize - state the main idea/s without giving details, state just the general idea of the topic]]>
The keywords are the words that will tell you what kind of answer the reader is looking for, such as discuses, argue, anaylze etc.

The key words are it is important to answer the question, not just write about the topic. It is like if you went into a store and you asked the salesperson, for sport shoes and he brought you evening shoes, it doesn't matter how much you like the evening shoes it is just not what you want, so be careful and answer the questions correctly.

Analyze - separate the subject into parts, and explain how the different parts are related to each other.

Argue - describe a different point of view, explain why your point of view is better then the an other point of view

Compare - state the similarity of the topic

Contrast - state the differences of the topic

Describe - state clear details about the topic, try to explain the topic so the reader can get a visual image in there head.

Interpret/Explain - state what the author means or what you think the author is trying to tell you, it is not what you think or feel

Summarize - state the main idea/s without giving details, state just the general idea of the topic]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=1545 Sat, 21 Mar 2009 19:50:36 +0200 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=1545 Kayıt Ol! -
Giriş Yap...]]> Kayıt Ol! -
Giriş Yap...]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=1291 Thu, 19 Mar 2009 15:10:31 +0200 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=1291 By Nathan Newberger

It is proper business etiquette to send thank you letters, but many people overlook this matter of courtesy. A thank you letter can make you stand out from the other candidates competing for jobs, and in this tight job market, it is wise to consider every tool that will give you an advantage.

To be effective, a thank you note should be sent before the hiring decision has been made, so it is best to mail it as soon as possible after the interview. When you send a thank you letter, you give the interviewer a chance to remember you (imagine having interviewed 10-15 candidates for a position, and then trying to distinguish each one after the interviews and trying to remember the specifics about each person). It is your opportunity to mention any important information you forgot to discuss during the interview.

A thank you letter allows you to explain, restate, or clear up any potential misunderstandings. In addition, you can redirect your marketing campaign by focusing on something that you learned during the interview and re-emphasizing your strengths, accomplishments and skills. Sending a thank you letter shows the interviewer that you are a professional who is concerned about details. In the end, the thank you letter is your last chance to leave a good impression!

There are several situations that require a thank you letter:

- After an employment interview
- When someone provides you with job search assistance such as referring you to an employer, providing a network contact, or speaking on your behalf to a prospective employer
- After an informational interview, company visit, or other career exploration activity

Try to follow these hints when writing thank you letters:

- Keep your letters short and simple - usually one page is enough.
- Help the interviewer remember you by referring to specific points discussed in your interview: show that you were listening and mention something that will refresh the interviewer's memory of you
- Be sure your letters are professional, for example: typed, no errors, on quality paper, etc.
- Send your letter within one day - do not put it off!
- Emphasize your qualifications, especially those that are most relevant to the position
- Provide any information that was overlooked during the interview or that which was specifically requested by the interviewer
- Express your continued interest and enthusiasm for the position
- Remember, very few people bother to send thank you letters - this can be your edge!

Generally, your thank you letters should include the following information:

First paragraph:

- Thank the interviewer for taking the time to meet with you (mention the date). Remind him/her of the position for which you interviewed.

Second paragraph:

- Restate your interest in the position and the company/school/organization. Mention something you learned from the interview or comment on something of importance that you discussed. Again, emphasize your strengths, experiences, skills, accomplishments and slant them towards the points that the interviewer considered the most important for the position.

Third paragraph:

- Once again, thank the interviewer for his/her time and consideration. If appropriate, close with a suggestion for further action (if a second interview is a possibility), or mention that you will follow up with a phone call in a few days. Provide your phone number and the hours you can best be reached.



THANK YOU LETTER - Example
(Modified Block Format)

100 Pine Street
Albany, NY 12200
October 8, 1996


Ms. Janet Jones
Director of Research and Development
ACME Computer Company
1234 Central Avenue
Albany, NY 12204

Dear Ms. Jones,

I wanted to take this opportunity to thank you for interviewing me for the position of Senior Programmer in your Research and Development department. I enjoyed meeting with you and I learned a great deal about the ACME Computer Company.

This position sounds very interesting and I am confident that my education and experience have provided me with the qualifications necessary to work effectively with your team. I am especially pleased to know that you use the Quadrini programming language, since I completed two courses in it and I have used it extensively during my internship at General Electric.

Once again, thank you for the opportunity to interview for a position with your company. I am excited about the prospect of working with such a dedicated team of professionals. If you request any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your time and consideration, and I look forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely,
*Sign your name
*Type your name]]> By Nathan Newberger

It is proper business etiquette to send thank you letters, but many people overlook this matter of courtesy. A thank you letter can make you stand out from the other candidates competing for jobs, and in this tight job market, it is wise to consider every tool that will give you an advantage.

To be effective, a thank you note should be sent before the hiring decision has been made, so it is best to mail it as soon as possible after the interview. When you send a thank you letter, you give the interviewer a chance to remember you (imagine having interviewed 10-15 candidates for a position, and then trying to distinguish each one after the interviews and trying to remember the specifics about each person). It is your opportunity to mention any important information you forgot to discuss during the interview.

A thank you letter allows you to explain, restate, or clear up any potential misunderstandings. In addition, you can redirect your marketing campaign by focusing on something that you learned during the interview and re-emphasizing your strengths, accomplishments and skills. Sending a thank you letter shows the interviewer that you are a professional who is concerned about details. In the end, the thank you letter is your last chance to leave a good impression!

There are several situations that require a thank you letter:

- After an employment interview
- When someone provides you with job search assistance such as referring you to an employer, providing a network contact, or speaking on your behalf to a prospective employer
- After an informational interview, company visit, or other career exploration activity

Try to follow these hints when writing thank you letters:

- Keep your letters short and simple - usually one page is enough.
- Help the interviewer remember you by referring to specific points discussed in your interview: show that you were listening and mention something that will refresh the interviewer's memory of you
- Be sure your letters are professional, for example: typed, no errors, on quality paper, etc.
- Send your letter within one day - do not put it off!
- Emphasize your qualifications, especially those that are most relevant to the position
- Provide any information that was overlooked during the interview or that which was specifically requested by the interviewer
- Express your continued interest and enthusiasm for the position
- Remember, very few people bother to send thank you letters - this can be your edge!

Generally, your thank you letters should include the following information:

First paragraph:

- Thank the interviewer for taking the time to meet with you (mention the date). Remind him/her of the position for which you interviewed.

Second paragraph:

- Restate your interest in the position and the company/school/organization. Mention something you learned from the interview or comment on something of importance that you discussed. Again, emphasize your strengths, experiences, skills, accomplishments and slant them towards the points that the interviewer considered the most important for the position.

Third paragraph:

- Once again, thank the interviewer for his/her time and consideration. If appropriate, close with a suggestion for further action (if a second interview is a possibility), or mention that you will follow up with a phone call in a few days. Provide your phone number and the hours you can best be reached.



THANK YOU LETTER - Example
(Modified Block Format)

100 Pine Street
Albany, NY 12200
October 8, 1996


Ms. Janet Jones
Director of Research and Development
ACME Computer Company
1234 Central Avenue
Albany, NY 12204

Dear Ms. Jones,

I wanted to take this opportunity to thank you for interviewing me for the position of Senior Programmer in your Research and Development department. I enjoyed meeting with you and I learned a great deal about the ACME Computer Company.

This position sounds very interesting and I am confident that my education and experience have provided me with the qualifications necessary to work effectively with your team. I am especially pleased to know that you use the Quadrini programming language, since I completed two courses in it and I have used it extensively during my internship at General Electric.

Once again, thank you for the opportunity to interview for a position with your company. I am excited about the prospect of working with such a dedicated team of professionals. If you request any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your time and consideration, and I look forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely,
*Sign your name
*Type your name]]> http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=1290 Thu, 19 Mar 2009 14:52:23 +0200 http://www.eltcafe.net/showthread.php?tid=1290
1. Make sure you fully understand every word used in your essay. A large vocabulary is impressive, but when words are used in the wrong context they have a negative effect on your writing.

2. Use transitions sentences and transition words (furthermore, like, also, additionally, etc) between paragraphs to tie them together. Transitions will help your writing flow.

3. Vary your sentence structure. Use simple, complex, and compound sentences to pace your writing and make it more exciting.

4. Stay away from empty sentences. Every sentence should be well thought out and packed with new information.

5. Avoid using the same words repeatedly. If necessary, use a thesaurus to find synonyms.

6. Know the rules of punctuation and grammar. If you are unsure about anything, look it up.

7. Read your essay aloud and proofread as you write. Listen carefully to how it sounds and correct problems as you go.]]>
1. Make sure you fully understand every word used in your essay. A large vocabulary is impressive, but when words are used in the wrong context they have a negative effect on your writing.

2. Use transitions sentences and transition words (furthermore, like, also, additionally, etc) between paragraphs to tie them together. Transitions will help your writing flow.

3. Vary your sentence structure. Use simple, complex, and compound sentences to pace your writing and make it more exciting.

4. Stay away from empty sentences. Every sentence should be well thought out and packed with new information.

5. Avoid using the same words repeatedly. If necessary, use a thesaurus to find synonyms.

6. Know the rules of punctuation and grammar. If you are unsure about anything, look it up.

7. Read your essay aloud and proofread as you write. Listen carefully to how it sounds and correct problems as you go.]]>